where m is the mass of the moving object, and v is the velocity of the moving object. Therefore the height the ball bounces will be proportional to the height that the ball is dropped from up to a certain point, where the ball begins to show signs of reaching its terminal velocity before it reaches the ground. Either the coefficient to restitution that was worked out is incorrect, which would mean that the first three results are inaccurate or subsequent results were inaccurate. The controlled variables in this experiment are the surface the ball is rolling on, the material the ball is made of, the size of the ball, the measuring devices being used, the distance the ball travels, and the method being used to release the ball each time, for example the position of the hand. Controlled Variables: Bouncy ball used, surface bounced off of, technique in which ball was dropped (initial height was measured from base of ball). The drag force increases as the ball goes faster. Set individual study goals and earn points reaching them. Soccer Science Fair Project: Air Pressure & Distance - Education As there is more KE energy, more work would need to act upon the ball in order to stop it in the same distance. A bouncing ball follows a projectile motion which is moving near the surface of the earth in a curved path due to the effect of gravity. As the ball falls it hits against air particles. We use the conservation of energy. If the KE is the same as they hit the ground the energy stored in the ball as elastic potential energy will be the same also. Finally, we need to multiply the distance found by 2, as one bounce of the ball includes both a rise and fall. Bouncing Ball Example: Experiment, Formula, Force, Motion What is the force that causes a ball to bounce? This means that the higher h. will differ from the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. If the drag is less the ball will fall faster and is less likely to reach its terminal velocity. This would provide evidence on how the height from which the ball is dropped from affects the height to which it bounces without air resistance. This would allow the actual coefficient to restitution to be calculated. The coefficient of restitution is the ratio of the final to the initial relative speed between two objects after they collide. Because the ball is softer than the floor, it does most of the denting and stores most of the energy. A) scientific method. Based on your gathered information, make an educated guess about what types of things affect the system you are working with. It will be important to keep track of what times go between what bounces. You are now ready to enter your data on a spread sheet and get to work. For a perfectly elastic bounce (the ultimate super ball), e =1; and for an inelastic bounce (like clay dropping on the floor), e =0. Therefore any change to the height from which the ball starts with affects the height to which it bounces to. This will help with your understanding of the investigation and lead you to make a possible hypothesis. A thrown or batted ball may travel faster than the terminal speed, but it will experience a large drag force from the air which is greater than its weight. WebBouncing Ball Experiment. Try to find more information from physics or mechanics books. The maximum height will have to be less than two meters as that is the maximum height that the equipment allows. You may need to calculate the average of bounce height. Perform this test in a Gym or anywhere else where you have a hard surface and an accessible wall. A) Find the total distance of travel until the ball hits the ground for the 5th time. Variables are the factors that are changed, measured or controlled. Hold the ball at 6 feet height and release it. The first stage is where the ball bounces from the surface of the ground. The CoR can be measured directly by velocity measurements but often it is handier to measure the height of rise of the ball after it bounces relative to the height that it fell. In the bouncing ball example, external forces such as air resistance are assumed to be zero. This help to greatly increase the accuracy of the experiment. Writing Quality. WebThe main variables in a science experiment are the independent variable, the dependent variable and the control variables. At the lowest point, the ball has its minimum potential energy, and the velocity changes from negative to positive. The relative height of the bounce should be h/h = CoR2 = 0.72 = 0.49. The distance along the ramp which the balls rolls. Control variable - Wikipedia Summary of task. It bounces off, changing the direction of motion and again reaching its maximum height. This denting extracts energy from the balls motion and stores much of it in the elastic surfaces of the floor and ball. Our dependent variable was. The experiment was conducted well however as the utmost efforts were brought into place to avoid parallax error and it was ensured as far as possible that factors that affected how high the ball bounced, excluding the height, were kept constant throughout the experiment. The energy chain is as follows: Therefore as energy cannot be created or destroyed the energy the ball starts with must be directly proportional to the energy the ball finishes with, at the top of its bounce, and so if the ball starts with more energy it must therefore finish with more. Hypothesis: If a tennis ball is dropped from a specific height then the ball will bounce to the same height. When the ball travels in the negative direction (downwards), the velocity can be assumed to be negative. Course of Theoretical Physics : Mechanics (Course of Theoretical Physics), Engineering Mechanics Dynamics (11th Edition). They can be the hardest part of a project. In this experiment you will drop a ball on a hard surface such as table and record the sounds it makes when it bounces using a computer and any sound recorder program. You will next need to record your bounces and their respective times. Record the results in a table like this: Divide the bounce height of each row by the release height of the same row and write the result in the last column.
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