The prior iron-mediated radical crosslinking and AGE/ALE mechanisms are re-described in context of established chemistry from a diversity of scientific fields. There is a lot left to explore. how collagens structural features allow fragments to survive for eons, Design of Life: Its a Matter of Physical Evidence & Logic, Judge Phil Ginn Condemns UN Demonic Proposal to Legalize Consensual Sex with Minors, Rely on Christ Instead of the Government in the Face of Religious Attacks, Says Judge Phil Ginn, Judge Phil Ginn Calls for Truth and Love in the Face of Heretical Easter Sermon, The Message of the Gospel is the Only Antidote for the Malaise So Prevalent in America Today, says Judge Phil Ginn, James D. San Antonio et al., Dinosaur Peptides Suggest Mechanisms of Protein Survival,, Thomas G. Kaye, Gary Gaugler, and Zbigniew Sawlowicz, Dinosaurian Soft Tissues Interpreted as Bacterial Biofilms,. Further, the preservation of biological tissues is a phenomenon known to occur within invertebrate fossils (Stankiewicz et al., 1997; Gupta et al., 2007c; Cody et al., 2011; Ehrlich et al., 2013; Wysokowski et al., 2014). Think of the nucleus as a pyramid of building blocks. For evolutionists who argue that dinosaurs died about 65 million years ago, it was a startling discovery. The American Biology Teacher (2021) 83 (5): 298302. Thomas T, 2019, Does the Toast Model explain fossil protein persistence?, Institute for Creation Research. Red blood cells could be clearly viewed using a thrift store microscope! Dinosaur bones, on the other hand, are millions of years old -- some fossils are billions of years old. 39 Harvard scientists have confirmed that proteins from the collagen detected in the famous T-Rex (2005) was definitely collagen as determined by sequencing the fraction. But there are a number of different chemical pathways that can result in crosslinking. Why was Noahs family saved while the rest died in the flood. If theropod dinosaurs are the ancestors of birds, one might expect to find evidence of an avian-type lung in such dinosaurs. You would have to invent a But a surprising number of fossil specimens also contained soft tissues, including structures resembling blood vessels, tubular nerve projections, collagen and When Mary Schweitzer saw red blood cells in soft dinosaur tissue her supervisor said, Prove to me theyre not. soft tissue WebCollagen and soft tissue were detected in dinosaur bones which is " exceptional preservation " and should not be there after so long a time period as 65 M years. The bone was said to be 68 million years old according to the geologic time scale. They found the proteins really did come from dinosaur soft tissue. At present there are two main explanations of the earths geological and climatological history. See his list of published papers documenting soft tissue finds; see also this informative episode with Dr Kevin Anderson from the series, Is Genesis History?. Yes. Blood-derived porphyrin proteins have also been discovered in a mid Eocene mosquito fossil. While the oldest known rocks on Earth are about 3.5 billion years old, researchers have found zircon crystals that are 4.3 billion years old [source: USGS]. These layers are like bookends -- they give a beginning and an end to the period of time when the sedimentary rock formed. When paleontologist Mary Schweitzer found soft tissue in a Tyrannosaurus rex fossil, her discovery raised an obvious question -- how the tissue could have survived so long? Nicknamed Ann, the long-necked specimen is just the fourth of the species Diamantinasaurus matildae ever uncovered. So it cannot block water and oxygen indefinitely, which readily react with fragile molecules even underground. According to new research, iron in the dinosaur's body preserved the tissue before it could decay. Havent you seen bicycles, tanks and Model T Fords before?. Do some careful reading and see whether his chemical framework for soft tissue preservation makes plausible chemical sense and answers all the objections to the crosslinking hypothesis brought up by Kevin Anderson and Brian Thomas, or whether LAA is desperately looking for rescue devices to preserve deep time. (Remember that 7th grade frog dissection? Change). But this sediment doesn't typically include the necessary isotopes in measurable amounts. At the end of the Cretaceous Period, dinosaurs went extinct. Along with The fossil horn was found in the famous Hell Creek Formation near Glendive, Montana. 2009: protein (collagen) fragments were isolated from a 80 million year old (geologic time scale) hadrosaur fossil. [17], In the developing field of paleoproteomics, Schweitzer has also discovered that iron particles may play a part in the preservation of soft tissue over geologic time. At that time, Australia, Antarctica, New Zealand and South America were all connected in a southern landmass known as Gondwana. AiGUSAs Dr. David Menton Do proposed solutions beg the question or toss answers into the futureware bin? Dont be thrown off balance by acronyms (ITMs, KLMs, MLMs, etc.) Yet Landon Anderson (hence LAA, to distinguish from Kevin Anderson), puts cells and soft tissues in scare quotes so as to raise doubt in the readers mind. Young-Earth Creationists Arent the Only Skeptics. And Schweitzer has even recovered fragments of the more fragile and complex molecule, DNA. All these explanations proposed to explain soft tissue in dinosaur bones are tentative and not robust because they involve historical science in which the results of experiments done over a short period of time (maybe a few years) are applied to a long period of time (thousands and millions of years). That idea is not considered by LAA. The same is true if you take a block away from one of the pyramid's sides, making the rest unstable. In addition, the oldest known moon rocks are 4.5 billion years old. But does formaldehyde preserve tissues for tens of millions of years? [13] The extraction of protein, soft tissue, remnant cells and organelle-like structures from dinosaur fossils has been confirmed. [19][20] On March 20, 2019 the journal Nature Communications published a paper naming an extinct bird "Avimaia schweitzerae in honor of Mary Higby Schweitzer for her ground-breaking works on MB [ medullary bone ] and for her role in establishing the field of molecular paleontology."[21]. Service R F , 2017, I dont care what they say about me: Paleontologist stares down critics in her hunt for dinosaur proteins, Science, Portland, Oregon, 13 Sep, 2017. If endogenous, putative dinosaur soft tissues should contain diagenetically unstable proteins and phospholipids, vulnerable to hydrolysis, although the released fatty The big question is, why are the soft tissues still there in dinosaur bones when artificial decay experiments show soft tissues can last thousands of years but not millions of years? Have evolutionists and believers in Deep Time been able to get a grip? Iron chelators increased fossil tissue immunoreactivity to multiple antibodies dramatically, suggesting a role for iron in both preserving and masking proteins in fossil tissues. How strong is the empiricism in his argument? The authors suggest these dinosaurs may have traveled between South America and Australia by crossing Antarctica during the mid-Cretaceous. Dino-Sore: Smithsonian Paleontologist Diagnoses Ancient The bulk of the press release distracts attention from the issue of deep time. The first-of-its-kind find reveals how sauropods may have moved between Australia and South America during the mid-Cretaceous. | READ MORE. Schweitzer and her colleagues first raised this question in 2005, when they found the seemingly impossible: soft tissue preserved inside the leg of an adolescent T. rex unearthed in Montana. These regions are the most protected within the collagen fiber. This Wyoming fossil has upturned the evolutionists Geologic chart to not be so logical anymore. Does it render tissue impenetrable to cosmic rays, radon in the soil, or bioturbation? And it doesnt explain wholly soft, pliable tissue. in Communicative Disorders from Utah State University in 1977, and got a Certificate of Secondary Education in Broadfield Science from Montana State University in 1988. The Scrambling Continues Even if the individual protein strands break down, the fiber would still remain largely intact because of all the association points. Then a blatant assertion is made to sweep away the issue: Because we didnt realize that these processes could come from the same starting place and share a step, the hypotheses have been presented as separate, Anderson says. The short half-life is only part of the problem when dating dinosaur bones -- researchers also have to find enough of the parent and daughter atoms to measure. [7] With respect to the significance of her work, Kevin Padian, Curator of Paleontology, University of California Museum of Paleontology, has stated "Chemicals that might degrade in a laboratory over a short period need not do so in a protected natural chemical environmentit's time to readjust our thinking. The mapping study supports the bioauthenticity of the collagen fragments. The last step may be the trickiest: Possibly the most controversial part of reconstructing a dinosaur's appearance is determining what, exactly, their faces looked like. Both of these ages are assigned according to the geological time scale. The contact with the surface protects the protein and keeps the pieces of collagen juxtaposed whenever the protein strands break. These two hypotheses, taken together, dont answer every question regarding soft tissue preservation in deep time. (1/2/2008) http://wrgis.wr.usgs.gov/parks/gtime/ageofearth.html, Special Offer on Antivirus Software From HowStuffWorks and TotalAV Security. (2014) and Wiemann et al. Some of the isotopes used for this purpose are uranium-238, uranium-235 and potassium-40, each of which has a half-life of more than a million years. Radiometric dating relies on the properties of isotopes. The fact that the fragments clustered to the most protected areas of the fibers makes better sense if they were generated from dinosaur collagens. Did you know that in 2013 a scientist was fired by a University because of his research into soft tissue in dinosaur bones? On the dig he and others uncovered the largest Triceratops horn ever found at that location. Margaret Osborne Now, the 95-million-year-old fossil is revealing insights into how dinosaurs may have traveled between continents. The tissue must be something else, perhaps the product of a later bacterial invasion, critics argued. "Once we can get the chemistry behind some of these soft tissues, there's all sorts of questions we can ask of ancient organisms," Schweitzer said. The last step may be the trickiest: Possibly the most controversial part of reconstructing a dinosaur's appearance is determining what, exactly, their faces looked like. As the award recipient Schweitzer was the keynote speaker and presented on her research. The earths geological and climatological history has determined the current geomorphological and geological structure of the earth. Absolute dating, on the other hand is used to calculate the precise age of fossils through radiometric dating. Collagen fibers comprise one of the chief components of connective tissue, are embedded in the bone matrix, and help form blood vessels. @JesseDornfeld Well the soft tissue is usually in arctic conditions, Ill give you dinosaur bones. Dinosaur The famous case is when when American paleontologist Mary Schweitzer of North Carolina State University discovered collagen fibers in the fossilized leg bone of a T rex. The Fascinating Story Behind Dinosaur Soft Tissue - Is Genesis In fact, collagen makes up around 25 to 30 percent of all proteins found in animals. TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 01, 2009. They seem so fresh that it appears as They've even found chemical reactions consistent with the presence of DNA, though Schweitzer is quick to note that she hasn't proven DNA is really present. The discovery of soft tissue in dinosaur bones was unexpected and scientists have struggled to find a robust explanation. If you try to add extra blocks to the sides pyramid, they may stay put for a while, but they'll eventually fall away. Rare 95-Million-Year-Old Dinosaur Skull Uncovered in Australia. Fossils represent the biological evolution of species. After death, though, iron is let free from its cage. National Conference on Christian Apologetics. Photograph B shows the demineralized bone in (A) after air drying. While soft tissue is rare because it decomposes, scientists have found intact soft tissue in dinosaur bones before. Heads I win, tails you lose Her first report of the preserved tissue ( Science, 25 March 2005, p. 1952) was based on preliminary tests. Fossils, however, form in sedimentary rock -- sediment quickly covers a dinosaur's body, and the sediment and the bones gradually turn into rock. The bones of these various specimens are articulated, not scattered, suggesting they were buried quickly. This forced closeness allows for broken strands to occasionally rejoin and reform the original protein. They are not denying it, as if misrepresentations or misidentifications have been made. Radiometric dating isn't the only method of determining the age of rocks. This news coincides with the release of the film Jurassic World, in which fictional scientists resurrect dinosaurs using dino DNA that "iron chelators" somehow preserved for millions The window between 100 and 95 million years ago was one of the warmest in Earths geologically recent history, meaning that Antarctica, which was more or less where it is now, had no ice, Poropat says in a statement. Amino acid sequencing of several samples have shown matches with the known collagens of chickens, frogs, newts and other animals. Let him consider seriously the possibility that dinosaur soft tissue is probably only a few thousand years old and watch him get fired real fast. As Ive previously pointed out, it is not all that surprising that collagen (or at least fragments of it) could survive 68 million years in an environment devoid of water, oxygen, and microbes given its structure.
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